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Classic Kaposi's sarcoma in morocco: clinico -epidemiological study at the national institute of oncology
Hassan Errihani, Narjisse Berrada, Soundouss Raissouni, Fadoi Rais, Hind Mrabti, Ghizlane Rais
BMC Dermatology , 2011, DOI: 10.1186/1471-5945-11-15
Abstract: A retrospective analysis of patients referred to the national institute of oncology with classical Kaposi sarcoma, between January 1998 and February 2008, was performed. Reviewed information included demographics, clinical and pathological staging, death or last follow-up.During the study period, 56 patients with a diagnosis of CKS have been referred to our hospital. There were 11(19,7%) females and 45 (80,3%) males (male-to-female ratio: 4:1). Mean age at diagnosis was 61,7 ± 15 (range: 15- 86 years). Nodules and/or plaques were the most frequent type of lesion. The most common location was the lower limbs, particularly the distal lower extremity (90%). In addition to skin involvement, visceral spread was evident in 9 cases. The most common visceral involvement sites were lymph nodes (44%), lung (22%), and gastrointestinal tract (22%). Associated lymphoedema was seen in 24 (42%) of the patients. There were 18 stage I patients (32,14%), 8: stage II (14,28%), 21 stage III(37,5%) and 9 stage IV (16,07%). A second primary malignancy was diagnosed in 6 cases (10,7%), none of the reticuloendothelial system.With a median follow-up of 45 months, 38 (67,8) patients are alive, of whom 25 (65,78%) patients with stable disease, five with progressive disease currently under systemic chemotherapy and 8(21,05%) are alive and free of disease, over a mean interval of 5 years.This is the largest reported series in our context. In Morocco, CKS exhibits some special characteristics including a disseminated skin disease at diagnosis especially in men, a more common visceral or lymph node involvement and a less frequent association with second malignancies.Classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) represents a complex angioproliferative disease characterized by the appearance of spindle-shaped cells. [1].It was first described by Moritz Kaposi in Vienna in 1872, as a rare and indolent angioproliferative neoplasm, mainly present as a skin lesion [2]. It occurs predominantly in elderly people, parti
Primary pleural leiomyosarcoma with rapid progression and fatal outcome: a case report
Ghizlane Rais, Soundouss Raissouni, Houda Mouzount, Meryem Aitelhaj, Siham Khoyaali, Fadoi El Omrani, Hind Mrabti, Ahmed Jelthi, Hassan Errihani
Journal of Medical Case Reports , 2012, DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-6-101
Abstract: A 58-year-old North African man was admitted with complaints of dyspnea and chest pain to our hospital. Chest computed tomography revealed right pleural effusion and pleural thickening. A transthoracic needle biopsy yielded a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, and tumor cells were strongly and uniformly positive for vimentin, a smooth muscle actin at immunohistochemical analysis. A general examination did not show any metastatic lesions in other areas. One month after diagnosis, the tumor grew rapidly, with pulmonary invasion, and therefore he was treated only by palliative care. He died from respiratory failure one month later. Because no organ of origin of the leiomyosarcoma, other than the pleura, was detected, this case was diagnosed as a primary pleural leiomyosarcoma.Although leiomyosarcoma originating from the pleura is rare, this entity is increasingly described. The purpose of presenting this case report is to raise awareness among clinicians to consider this clinical entity as a differential diagnosis when a pleural mass is identified.Leiomyosarcomas are cancers of smooth muscle cells that can arise from any location but occur most often in the uterus, retroperitoneum, or intra-abdominal region. Primary pleural leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare [1,2]. There are few reports of individual cases [1-5], but no large series from a single institution has been published. On radiological examination, primary pleural leiomyosarcoma presents as a mass or a pleural effusion. Metastasis is uncommon and typically occurs late in the disease process, underscoring the importance of early detection. When primary pleural leiomyosarcoma is seen in the pleura, it is important to establish whether the tumor originated in the lung or is secondary to metastases from a separate location, the latter of which is much more common.To definitively establish the pleura as the primary site for leiomyosarcoma, all other possible sites of origin within the body must be excluded. Therefore, dia
Triple negative breast cancer in Moroccan women: clinicopathological and therapeutic study at the National Institute of Oncology
Ghizlane Rais, Soundouss Raissouni, Meryem Aitelhaj, Fadoi Rais, Sara Naciri, Siham Khoyaali, Halima Abahssain, Youssef Bensouda, Basma Khannoussi, Hind Mrabti, Hassan Errihani
BMC Women's Health , 2012, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-12-35
Abstract: This is a retrospective study of confirmed triple negative breast cancer females collected at the National institute of oncology of Rabat in Morocco, between January 2007 and December 2008. Epidemiological, clinical, histological, therapeutic and evolutive data were analyzed. OS and DFS rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.A total of one 152 patients with breast cancer, were identified as having triple-negative breast cancer (16,5%). The median age at diagnosis was 46 years. 130 patients (86%) had infiltrating ductal carcinoma and thirteen had medullar carcinoma (9%). 84 cases (55%) were grade III Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR). 48 % had positive lymph nodes, and 5 % had distant metastases at diagnosis. According TNM staging, 12 patients (8%) had stage I, 90 patients (60%) had stage II and the 43(28%) had stage III. 145 patients received surgery. 41 (28%) had conservative surgery and 104 (72%) received radical mastectomy with axillary lymph nodes dissection. 14 patients with advanced tumors or inflammatory breast cancer have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and four patients (28%) had complete pathologic response. From 131 patients how received adjuvant chemotherapy, 99 patients (75,5%) had Anthracycline based chemotherapy) and 27 patients (20,6%) had sequential Anthracycline and docetaxel,. Seven patients with metastatic disease received anthracycline-based regimen in the first line metastatic chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 46 months (range 6,1 -60 months). Overall survival at 5 years for all patients was 76,5%.These results suggest that most TNBC characteristics in Moroccan patients are in accordance with literature data, especially concerning young age at diagnosis high grade tumors, advanced stage at diagnosis, and short time to relapse. Although the high response rate to chemotherapy, the overall prognosis of this subset of tumors remains poor.Breast cancer affected an estimated 232,620 women and men in 2011, and was responsible for 39,970
H(.,.)- φ - η - Accretive Operators and Generalized Variational-Like Inclusions  [PDF]
Rais Ahmad, Mohammad Dilshad
American Journal of Operations Research (AJOR) , 2011, DOI: 10.4236/ajor.2011.14035
Abstract: In this paper, we generalize H(.,.) accretive operator introduced by Zou and Huang [1] and we call it H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator. We define the resolvent operator associated with H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator and prove its Lipschitz continuity. By using these concepts an iterative algorithm is suggested to solve a generalized variational-like inclusion problem. Some examples are given to justify the definition of H(.,.)- φ - η - accretive operator.
Identification of Artificial Recharge Sites in Manchi Basin, Eastern Rajasthan (India) Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques  [PDF]
Subah Rais, Akram Javed
Journal of Geographic Information System (JGIS) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2014.62017
Abstract:

The present study is an attempt to prepare a water resource development action plan for Manchi basin in Eastern Rajasthan (India) using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Satellite data have proven to be very useful for surface study, especially in the preparation of land use/land cover and geomorphological map. Morphometric parameters are analyzed to understand the basin characteristics and its influence on the water resources for instance bifurcation ratio indicates high surface run off and low recharge in SB-I, IV, V. Low drainage density ranges from 2.41 (SB-IV) to 2.99 (SB-V) km/km2, with an average of 2.72 km/km2 showing permeable strata, dense vegetation and low relief. Analysis of shape parameters i.e. elongation ratio and circularity ratio suggest that Manchi basin is elongated in shape. Whereas, slope, geology and geomorphological mapping is done to demarcate groundwater potential zones for future exploration in the study area. Slope is inversely proportional to infiltration. Therefore, sub-basin areas having gentle slope permits less runoff and more infiltration as in alluvial plains and vice versa where hills and ridges are present. The integrated study helps in designing suitable sites for constructing water harvesting structures. Check dams, percolation tanks and nala bund are proposed at 1st, 2nd or 3rd drainage orders at SB-I and SB-IV with ravenous land (open scrub), uncultivated land, open forest & exposed rock present. Nala bund & check dam are proposed at SB-II & SB-V whereas, at SB-III check dams & percolation tanks are proposed so as to conserve the natural resources present in the basin. Finally, the best feasible water harvesting structures have been proposed within the sub-basins area using remote sensing and GIS techniques.

Granulometric Analysis of Rajmahal Inter-Trappen Sedimentary Rocks (Early Cretaceous), Eastern India, Implications for Depositional History  [PDF]
Aparna Sinha, Sarwar Rais
International Journal of Geosciences (IJG) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2019.103015
Abstract: Rajmahal trap along with its Inter-trappean sedimentary rocks is found exposed in the eastern part of India (24°00'E - 25°15'N; 87°20'E - 87°15'E). Ten representative samples of Inter-trappean sandstone selected from the study area have been subjected to granulometric analysis. The result of the grain size analysis indicates that these sandstone specimens are very fine to fine grained with unimodal grain size distribution. They are dominantly fine skewed and generally mesokurtic in nature. The linear discriminant function plots of various grain size parameters suggest that these sandstones appear to have been deposited either in shallow marine or lacustrine environment. On multigroup multivariate discriminant functions V1 - V2 diagram majority of the samples fall in the beach depositional environment, indicating that most of the sediments were reworked by wave processes before deposition. The C-M pattern diagram shows that the sediment deposition took place in beach environment by rolling or suspension of sediments; hence the clastics were deposited in low energy condition.
Comparison of Alternative Strategies for Multilevel Optimization of Hierarchical Systems  [PDF]
Saber DorMohammadi, Masoud Rais-Rohani
Applied Mathematics (AM) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/am.2012.330204
Abstract: The augmented Lagrangian penalty formulation and four different coordination strategies are used to examine the nu- merical behavior of Analytical Target Cascading (ATC) for multilevel optimization of hierarchical systems. The coordination strategies considered include augmented Lagrangian using the method of multipliers and alternating direction method of multipliers, diagonal quadratic approximation, and truncated diagonal quadratic approximation. Properties examined include computational cost and solution accuracy based on the selected values for the different parameters that appear in each formulation. The different strategies are implemented using two- and three-level decomposed example problems. While the results show the interaction between the selected ATC formulation and the values of associated parameters, they clearly highlight the impact they could have on both the solution accuracy and computational cost.
Estimation of GFR by MDRD Formula and Its Correlation to Cockcroft-Gault Equation in Five Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease  [PDF]
Absar Ali, Naila Asif, Zunaira Rais
Open Journal of Nephrology (OJNeph) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ojneph.2013.31006
Abstract: Background: Purpose of our study was to find out correlation between estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula and Glomerular Filtration Rate by Cockcroft-Gault equations, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to see whether they can be used interchangeably. Methods: We conducted a cross section study of 70 patients presented to the nephrology clinic over a period of one year. We compared the Glomerular Filtration Rate by these two formulas in five stages of Chronic Kidney Disease. Abbreviated 4 variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula was used.Results: Age range was 15 - 79 years; Male 49%, Female 51%. The correlation (r) between eGFR by MDRD and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault equation for CKD stages 1 to 5 was 0.64; 0.31; 0.32; 0.67; and 0.45 respectively. The correlation (r) between creatinine clearance by 24 hour urine collection and MDRD formula was 0.84 (P: 0.001). The correlation (r) between creatinine clearance by 24 hour urine collection Cockcroft-Gault equation was 0.79 (P: 0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that Cockcroft-Gault equation correlates best with MDRD formula at CKD stages 4 and one. Cockcroft-Gault equation underestimated eGFR in stages 1, 2 and 3 of chronic Kidney Disease.
Quantification of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in the Buffalo Milk Samples of Delhi City, India  [PDF]
Mohd Aslam, Sumbul Rais, Masood Alam
Journal of Environmental Protection (JEP) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/jep.2013.49111
Abstract:

The ill effects of green revolution include residues of extensively used chemical pesticides in various environmental components. The present study was designed to analyze the levels of organochlorine pesticide residues along with chemical composition in buffalo milk samples collected from different localities of Delhi. Milk monitoring can yield information about the kinds and quantities of pesticides in the environment as well as in our daily diet. In this study, the residue of three different organochlorine pesticides, namely Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Endosulfan have been reported. Residues of Lindane exceeded the Maximum Residual Limit values in 50% of the samples is a cause of serious concern. The p,p’-DDT was detected in 70% of the samples with p,p’-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) in 80% of the milk samples of different parts of Delhi state. DDD (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) another metabolite of p,p’-DDT was detected in 65% of the milk samples. The analysis indicates that DDT is the major contaminants in different parts of Delhi state. α and β endosulfan were detected in 35% and 40% of the samples analyzed. The statistical correlation shows no significant correlation between chemical compositions of the samples. The presence of multiple chemicals in virtually all samples of buffalo milk raises new questions about the possible toxicological impacts of chemical mixtures on an infant’s developing nervous and immune systems and reproductive organs.

Characterization of Series Resistance and Mobility Degradation Parameter and Optimizing Choice of Oxide Thickness in Thin Oxide N-Channel MOSFET
Noureddine Maouhoub,Khalid Rais
Active and Passive Electronic Components , 2011, DOI: 10.1155/2011/713129
Abstract: We present two methods to extract the series resistance and the mobility degradation parameter in short-channel MOSFETs. The principle of the first method is based on the comparison between the exponential model and the classical model of effective mobility and for the second method is based on directly calculating the two parameters by solving a system of two equations obtained by using two different points in strong inversion at small drain bias from the characteristic ( ). The results obtained by these techniques have shown a better agreement with data measurements and allowed in the same time to determine the surface roughness amplitude and its influence on the maximum drain current and give the optimal oxide thickness. 1. Introduction Accurate model parameter extraction is crucial for modeling modern MOSFET devices. Extensive work abounds in the literature dedicated to this subject. Free-carrier mobility degradation and source-and-drain series resistance are two parameters of special importance for MOSFET characterization that are particularly cumbersome to extract independently from each other. Both of these parameters produce similar effects on the device’s transfer characteristics, ( ), a fact that complicates their accurate extraction. Several ingenious procedures have been proposed to circumvent this difficulty [1–5]. Another method was proposed to extract these parameters from the drain current versus gate voltage characteristics in the saturation region using several devices of different mask channel lengths [6]. An alternative procedure was recently proposed to extract the source-and-drain series resistance independently of mobility degradation by using bias conditions under which the channel carrier mobility is kept constant [7]. Another recent works presented direct fitting and direct calculating methods in strong inversion and by exploiting the characteristic ( ) [8, 9]. In what follows we present a two procedures to be applied to the strong inversion ( ) characteristics of a single transistor, measured at a small drain bias. It is based on the exploiting of exponential model of effective mobility. The procedure has been validated using data from a single experimental short channel device. The drain current, , at very small drain bias, can be expressed in terms of intrinsic voltages as where is the channel width, is the channel length, is the oxide capacitance, is the effective free-carrier mobility, is the intrinsic gate voltage, the intrinsic drain voltage, and is the threshold voltage. If the source-and-drain series resistance is
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